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KMID : 1022820170080010001
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Journal of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology
2017 Volume.8 No. 1 p.1 ~ p.8
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Rituximab for the Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disord
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Kim Su-Hyun
Hyun Hye-Sook
Kim Ho-Jin
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Abstract
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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system that predominantly affects the spinal cord, optic nerve and area postrema. Convergent clinical and laboratory-based investigations have indicated that B cells play a fundamental role in NMOSD immunopathology. Accordingly, biologic agents that target B cells are expected to modulate NMOSD disease activity. Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 molecule expressed on the surface of B cells and selectively depleted B cells. Recent retrospective studies suggested robust long-term efficacy and acceptable safety profile of rituximab therapy in NMOSD. Nevertheless, the place of rituximab in the treatment algorithm of NMOSD, the optimal dose of rituximab, and the optimal interval for retreatment remain somewhat uncertain. Monitoring rituximab treatment response with CD19+ or CD27+ B cell counts appears to improve treatment outcomes. In the present review, we describe the state of the art about rituximab treatment in NMOSD on the literature and authors’ experience and pose questions that would need to be addressed in future studies.
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KEYWORD
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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, Rituximab, B cell
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